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Unit 5: THE SPACE

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La unidad 5 es la unidad del espacio, hablaremos de planetas, satélites y asteroides. La gramática ampliará el condicional del primer trimestre y entraremos en los condicionales con incertidumbre.

Gramática

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Structure of Conditional Sentences

(Original source) The structure of most conditionals is very simple. There are two basic possibilities. Of course, we add many words and can use various tenses, but the basic structure is usually like this:

IF	condition	result
IF	y = 10	2y = 20

or like this:

result	IF	condition
2y = 20	IF	y = 10

First Conditional: real possibility

We are talking about the future. We are thinking about a particular condition or situation in the future, and the result of this condition. There is a real possibility that this condition will happen. For example, it is morning. You are at home. You plan to play tennis this afternoon. But there are some clouds in the sky. Imagine that it rains. What will you do?

IF	condition	result
	present simple	WILL + base verb
If	it rains	I will stay at home.

Notice that we are thinking about a future condition. It is not raining yet. But the sky is cloudy and you think that it could rain. We use the present simple tense to talk about the possible future condition.

We use WILL + base verb to talk about the possible future result. The important thing about the first conditional is that there is a real possibility that the condition will happen. Here are some more examples (do you remember the two basic structures: [IF condition result] and [result IF condition]?):

IF	condition	result
	present simple	WILL + base verb
If	I see Mary	I will tell her.
If	Tara is free tomorrow	he will invite her.
If	they do not pass their exam	their teacher will be sad.
If	it rains tomorrow	will you stay at home?
If	it rains tomorrow	what will you do?

result	IF	condition
WILL + base verb		present simple
I will tell Mary	if	I see her.
He will invite Tara	if	she is free tomorrow.
Their teacher will be sad	if	they do not pass their exam.
Will you stay at home	if	it rains tomorrow?
What will you do	if	it rains tomorrow?

Second Conditional: unreal possibility or dream

The second conditional is like the first conditional. We are still thinking about the future. We are thinking about a particular condition in the future, and the result of this condition. But there is not a real possibility that this condition will happen.

For example, you do not have a lottery ticket. Is it possible to win? No! No lottery ticket, no win! But maybe you will buy a lottery ticket in the future. So you can think about winning in the future, like a dream. It's not very real, but it's still possible.

IF	condition	result
	past simple	WOULD + base verb
If	I won the lottery	I would buy a car.

Notice that we are thinking about a future condition. We use the past simple tense to talk about the future condition. We use WOULD + base verb to talk about the future result. The important thing about the second conditional is that there is an unreal possibility that the condition will happen.

Here are some more examples:

IF	condition	result
	past simple	WOULD + base verb
If	I married Mary	I would be happy.
If	Ram became rich	she would marry him.
If	it snowed next July	would you be surprised?
If	it snowed next July	what would you do?

result	IF	condition
WOULD + base verb		past simple
I would be happy	if	I married Mary.
She would marry Ram	if	he became rich.
Would you be surprised	if	it snowed next July?
What would you do	if	it snowed next July?

Actividades

Basic

Practice the second conditional with the following sentences (Adapted from):

Si tienes alguna duda indícalo en los comentarios, seguro que entre todos podemos ayudarte.

Experts

In this song, Beyonce is using conditionals all the time. Listen the song and answer the questions. You should investigate some of them in Internet!

• What kind of conditional is she using?

• What´s the meaning of the contraction ´d?

• Why she says If I were and not If I was?

Sigue practicando.

Completa este ejercicio sobre la primera y segunda condicional

Actividades de repaso

Actividades de repaso sobre la primera y segunda condicional. Son muchos ejercicios pero no hace falta que hagáis todos. Probad varias frases de cada ejercicios y comprobad si tenéis dudas. Si veis que lo entendéis bien no perdáis el tiempo y pasar el siguiente ejercicio. Si algo no funciona tomad nota y preguntadme en clase.

Haz click en este ENLACE para acceder a las actividades, recuerda que siempre puedes descargarlo o imprimirlo.

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